Hot air soldering stations are indispensable tools for modern electronics repair, especially for SMD (Surface-Mount Device) rework. However, even with a high-quality station like those from Gordak, users can encounter technical issues that affect soldering performance.
This guide will help you quickly identify and resolve the most common hot air soldering problems to ensure efficient and professional results.
1. Inconsistent Heating
Symptoms:
- The hot air feels weak or uneven
- Solder doesn’t melt consistently
- Components don’t reflow properly
Possible Causes:
- Nozzle is clogged or partially blocked
- Heating element is worn or damaged
- Airflow setting is too low or irregular
- Temperature calibration is off
Solutions:
- Clean or replace the nozzle
- Inspect and replace the heating element if needed
- Recalibrate the temperature setting
- Ensure the airflow is set appropriately for the task
2. Overheating Components or PCBs
Symptoms:
- Burn marks on the board
- Components shift, discolor, or fail
- PCB delamination
Possible Causes:
- Temperature or airflow is too high
- Nozzle held too close to the board
- Prolonged exposure in one area
Solutions:
- Use appropriate temperature (typically 280–350°C)
- Keep the nozzle 3–5 mm above the surface
- Move the nozzle in a circular motion for even heat distribution
- Use a preheater for multilayer boards to reduce stress
3. Components Blowing Away
Symptoms:
- Small components shift or fly off during soldering
- Difficulty keeping parts in position
Possible Causes:
- Airflow too strong
- Nozzle size is too large for the component
- Improper technique or hand instability
Solutions:
- Reduce airflow, especially for small SMDs
- Use a smaller nozzle to focus heat
- Hold components with tweezers or use soldering paste to stabilize before heating
4. Solder Not Melting or Poor Joint Formation
Symptoms:
- Solder remains solid despite heating
- Joints appear dry or cracked
- Cold solder joints after cooling
Possible Causes:
- Temperature too low
- No flux applied
- Component or PCB is absorbing too much heat (thermal mass)
Solutions:
- Increase temperature within safe limits
- Always apply flux before soldering
- Preheat large PCBs or components
- Use quality solder paste compatible with SMD rework
5. Hot Air Station Not Blowing Air
Symptoms:
- No air from the nozzle despite power on
- Heating without airflow
Possible Causes:
- Faulty or blocked air pump
- Damaged fan or internal tubing
- Control board malfunction
Solutions:
- Check for obstructions in the air path
- Inspect internal fan or pump function
- Contact Gordak technical support if the unit needs servicing
6. No Heat or Erratic Temperature Output
Symptoms:
- No heat despite air output
- Temperature fluctuates during operation
Possible Causes:
- Faulty heating element
- Thermocouple or sensor issue
- Internal circuit damage
Solutions:
- Replace the heating element
- Calibrate or replace the sensor
- If problem persists, seek professional repair or replacement parts
Tips to Prevent Common Soldering Issues
- Perform regular maintenance: clean nozzles, inspect cables and filters
- Store and operate the station in a dust-free, ventilated environment
- Always let the station cool properly before turning it off
- Use original Gordak replacement parts for reliability and safety
- Avoid ESD damage by grounding your workbench and tools
Why Choose Gordak?
Gordak offers high-performance hot air rework stations with precise controls, durable components, and factory support. Our tools are used by professionals in electronics manufacturing, repair, and R&D.
- Factory-direct support
- CE-certified products
- OEM/ODM solutions available
- Professional technical guidance
For assistance, product inquiries, or replacement parts, contact us at info@gordakelec.com.
Conclusion
Knowing how to troubleshoot common hot air soldering issues can save time, reduce component waste, and extend the life of your equipment. With proper technique and a reliable station from Gordak, your rework tasks will be more precise, efficient, and stress-free.
Explore our full range of soldering and rework stations or get in touch for expert support.
Email: info@gordakelec.com
